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Networking & IPs

IPv4/IPv6, BGP, RPKI, LOA, geolocation, traceroute, DDoS.

  1. IPv4 vs IPv6IPv4 vs IPv6IPv4 vs IPv6 is the older address format versus the newer one. Run both on purpose, and clear stale AAAA records so phones do not hit the wrong…Updated Aug 29, 2026
  2. How BGP announcement works (plain language)How BGP announcement works (plain language)BGP is how networks share which prefixes they can reach. You originate a prefix from an ASN; neighbors propagate it if filters and ROA agree. Shared cPanel cannot…Updated Aug 29, 2026
  3. LOA and why the registry asksLOA and why the registry asksAn LOA is a Letter of Authorization that lets you announce an IP prefix. Registries and upstreams require it, and we issue one the same business day on…Updated Aug 29, 2026
  4. RPKI ROAsRPKI ROAsRPKI uses ROAs to state which ASN may announce a prefix up to a set length. Validators check BGP against those records, and a wrong origin can drop…Updated Aug 29, 2026
  5. WHOIS and RDAPWHOIS and RDAPRDAP is the structured JSON lookup that sits beside classic WHOIS text. Both still show who holds a domain or IP, and abuse contacts on leased space need…Updated Aug 29, 2026
  6. Geolocation databasesGeolocation databasesIP geolocation maps prefixes to a likely country using vendor databases, not GPS. File a correction once, allow caches to refresh, and do not treat VPN users as…Updated Aug 29, 2026
  7. Traceroute and MTRTraceroute and MTRMTR repeats traceroute and reports loss per hop. Read the destination row, treat mid-path stars as filtered ICMP, and paste text output from both sides when you open…Updated Aug 29, 2026
  8. DDoS at the edge versus the boxDDoS at the edge versus the boxVolumetric DDoS must be stopped upstream of your NIC. Application floods are handled in the app or WAF. Host firewalls cannot clear a pipe that is already full.Updated Aug 29, 2026
  9. Reverse DNS for mailReverse DNS for mailReverse DNS for mail means the PTR matches your HELO name, and that name’s A record returns the same sending IP. Align all three before campaign mail, not…Updated Aug 29, 2026
  10. Leasing a prefix versus buyingLeasing a prefix versus buyingIP leasing is monthly use with an LOA, not ownership. Buying IPv4 is an RIR transfer. Lease for speed; buy when you need the asset on your books.Updated Aug 29, 2026
  11. Your ASN versus oursYour ASN versus oursAn ASN is BGP’s origin number. Route leased space on your ASN, or bundle it with a VPS or dedicated we announce—say which so we do not both…Updated Aug 29, 2026
  12. More-specifics: the double-edged knifeMore-specifics: the double-edged knifeA more-specific prefix is a longer BGP route, such as a /24 from a /22, used to steer traffic. ROA maxLength must allow it, and many networks still…Updated Aug 29, 2026
  13. IRR objects still exist, unfortunately and usefullyIRR objects still exist, unfortunately and usefullyIRR objects are route records some networks still filter on. Publish them with RPKI, keep the origin ASN matched, and confirm the object in the registry you used.Updated Aug 29, 2026
  14. uRPF and why your return path diesuRPF and why your return path diesuRPF drops packets that arrive on an interface the router would not use to reach the source. Strict mode plus asymmetric routing can silently kill your return path…Updated Aug 29, 2026
  15. Anycast is a design, not a checkboxAnycast is a design, not a checkboxAnycast is one prefix announced from many places with BGP choosing a nearby path. Two A records in two cities is DNS failover, not an anycast checkbox on…Updated Aug 29, 2026
  16. Tunnels: GRE and friendsTunnels: GRE and friendsA GRE tunnel stitches a prefix to a server off your LAN. Set inner MTU below the DF ping ceiling so path MTU blackholes do not stall large…Updated Aug 29, 2026
  17. Peering vs transit in one paragraphPeering vs transit in one paragraphPeering vs transit: transit is paid delivery anywhere; peering is a deliberate exchange, often without settlement. Your VPS already uses transit through us; an IX port is a…Updated Aug 29, 2026
  18. Remote triggered blackhole, in plain languageRemote triggered blackhole, in plain languageRTBH drops one attacked IP at the edge so a volumetric flood does not take down your link or neighbors. It is not a WAF and does not…Updated Aug 29, 2026
  19. IPv6 sizes: /64, /48, /29IPv6 sizes: /64, /48, /29An IPv6 allocation size sets how large a block you get and how you subnet it. A /64 serves one LAN, a /48 supports many subnets, and LogicWeb…Updated Aug 29, 2026
  20. How to cancel an IP leaseHow to cancel an IP leaseAn IP lease is a monthly subscription with no contract. Cancel anytime in a ticket; we withdraw the announcement and reverse LOA, WHOIS, rDNS, IRR, and RPKI. You…Updated Aug 29, 2026